When evaluating expressions in a programming language, it is important to understand the order of operations, also know as operator precedence. The following table describes Cubloc BASIC's operator precedence.
Operator | Explanation | Type | Precendence |
---|---|---|---|
^ | To the power of | Math | First |
*,/,MOD | Multiply, Divide, MOD | Math | |
+,- | Add, Subtract | Math | |
«, » | Left Shift, Right Shift | Logic | |
<, >, ⇐, >= | Less than, Larger than, Less or Equal to , Larger or Equal to. | Comparison | |
=, <> | Same, Different | Comparison | |
AND, XOR, OR,NOT | Boolean AND, XOR, OR, & NOT | Logic | Last |
Within each row in the table above, the operators are evaluated from left to right. Operators can be used in conditional statement as show below.
IF A+1 = 10 THEN GOTO ABC
Use parenthesis to explicitly control the order of operations in an expression.
When multiple operators are used, the expression will be evaluated in the following order:
1) Operator(s) inside parenthesis 2) Negative Sign (–) 3) Exponent (^) 4) Multiplication, Division, Remainder (*, /, MOD) 5) Addition/Subtraction (+,-) 6) Bit-wise Left Shift, Bit-wise Right Shift («, »)
Operators used in Cubloc BASIC may differ slightly from common mathematical operators. Please refer to the table below:
Operator | Math | Basic | Example |
---|---|---|---|
Add | + | + | 3+4+5, 6+A |
Subtract | - | - | 10-3, 63-B |
Multiply | X | * | 2 * 4, A * 5 |
Division | ![]() | / | 1234/3, 3843/A |
To the power of | 53 | ^ | 5^3, A^2 |
MOD | Remainder of | mod | 102 mod 3 |
When numbers of different types are mixed in an expression, the final result is cast to the type of the assigned variable.
Dim F1 As Single Dim A As Long F1 = 1.1234 A = F1 * 3.14 ' A gets 3 even though result is 3.525456.
Please be sure to include a decimal point(.) when using floating point numbers even if your computer's language setting uses a different character for its decimal separator.
F1 = 3.0/4.0 ' Write 3/4 as 3.0/4.0 for floating values F1 = 200.0 + Floor(A) * 12.0 + SQR(B) '200 as 200.0, 12 as 12.0…
The And, Xor, and Or operators are used for both logical and bit-wise operations.
If A=1 And B=1 Then C=1 ' if A=1 and B=1 …(Logical Operation) If A=1 Or B=1 Then C=1 ' if A=1 or B=1…(Logical Operation) A = B And &HF 'Set the upper 4 bits to zero. (Bit-wise Operation) A = B Xor &HF 'Invert the lower 4 bits. (Bit-wise Operation) A = B Or &HF 'Set the lower 4 bits to 1. (Bit-wise Operation).
String can be compared with the = operator.
Dim ST1 AS String * 12 Dim ST2 AS String * 12 ST1 = "COMFILE" ST2 = "CUBLOC" If ST1=ST2 Then ST2 = "OK" ' Check if ST1 is same as ST2.
When comparing Strings, Cubloc BASIC compares the ASCII value of each character in the String. Therefore, String comparisons are casesensitive; “COMFILE” does not equal “comfile”.